List the four steps of exposure protocol (for percutaneous or mucosal splash exposure):
a. Local wash with soap and water
b. Flush eyes, mucous membrane with water or saline
c. Assessment of risk, counseling
d. Exposure report with details
i. In employee's confidential medical file
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HIV
- Which procedure would you utilize when treating an HIV/AIDS patient?
- In HIV/AIDS, which cell in the immune system is changed, replicated and then destroyed?
- Which results of blood work do you need to know?
- What is the recommended length of time for taking PEP meds for maximum effectiveness?
- For the best results, how soon should PEP be administered after an exposure if deemed necessary?
- List the body fluids that do not have HIV or have insufficient amounts to cause an infection:
- List the potentially infectious body fluids:
- How many dental personnel have contracted HIV from occupational exposure?
- The risk of occupational exposure is generally through what two modes for health care workers?
- Why is adherence (to HAART) so difficult for patients?
- HAART, now referred to as ART, has an approximate 38% probability (according to a survey in 2008) of the patient delaying or refusing use. What percentage of adherence is critical to obtain good results?
- What role does the dentist/dental hygienist play at this stage of infection (progression of chronic infection)?
- Describe the progression of chronic HIV infection.
- What are the top four signs and symptoms of a primary HIV infection?
- While the CD4 count drops substantially, what happens to the number of virions (viral load) in the blood?
- Briefly explain in your own words the difference between HIV and AIDS.
- What are the most common intraoral symptoms associated with HIV infection (3 types)? List examples of the three types: (including most common oral infection, examples of viral infections, and the 3 most common periodontal infections)
- As the count of indicator cells decreases, the symptoms of disease and the incidence of oral infections or oral lesions related to the HIV infection______________.
- At what level does the CD4+ T cell count indicate late-stage disease or AIDS infection?
- In HIV disease, the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes _________as the infection and symptoms become more severe.
- A count of what serologic marker is the most used marker to evaluate and monitor the progression of HIV infection?
- What 4 modes of transmission can the HIV virus be transmitted from one individual to another (one is less prevalent in the U.S. now but still present in developing countries)?