Margaret Vargas needs to have her mitral valve replaced. Her surgeon will discuss which of the following issues with her before the surgery?
A. A mechanical valve will require that she take a "blood thinner" for the rest of her life.
B. A biological valve (usually porcine) will last 10 to 15 years.
C. A mechanical valve increases the risk of blood clots that can cause stroke.
D. All of the above.
Answer: D